Various systems of weights and measurements are used throughout the world. For engineering simplicity, this guide primarily references the metric system. The following provides authoritative guidance on various methods to determine load weight and includes critical conversion equations to assist users operating across different measurement systems.
Check markings on the load. If marked, visually verify that it represents the total weight of all parts of the load (e.g., a machine tool marking might not include its heavy drive motor).
Review the documentation. Check the total weight stated on the shipping manifesto, bill of lading, or manufacturer specifications.
Consult load drawings. Look at engineering or assembly drawings. If the weight is marked, double-check as in step 1 to ensure it encompasses all connected components.
Use a weighbridge. If the load is still positioned on a transport trailer or flatbed truck, drive the vehicle onto a calibrated weighbridge to determine exact gross weight.
Estimate using material tables. Calculate the volume of the load and multiply it by the material density using standardized weight tables (see below).
The table below provides the estimated weight per unit volume for a range of common industrial materials.
| Material | Weight (kg / m³) | Weight (lbs / ft³) |
|---|---|---|
| Aluminium | 2,700 | 170 |
| Brass | 8,500 | 530 |
| Brick | 2,100 | 130 |
| Coal | 1,450 | 90 |
| Concrete | 2,400 | 150 |
| Copper | 8,800 | 550 |
| Earth | 1,600 | 100 |
| Iron / Steel | 7,700 | 480 |
| Lead | 11,200 | 700 |
| Magnesium | 1,750 | 110 |
| Oil | 800 | 50 |
| Paper | 1,120 | 70 |
| Water | 1,000 | 62 |
| Wood | 800 | 50 |
1 ton (US) = 2,000 lb = 907.185 kg
1 tonne (Metric) = 1,000 kg = 2,204.6 lb
1 tonne (Metric) = 0.9842 tons (Imperial)
1 tf (US) = 2,000 lbf = 8.896 kN
1 tonnef (Metric) = 2,204.6 lbf = 9.806 kN
⚠️ Ensure strict compatibility of units in all calculations.
